Fabulous Ricotta Fluff Stuff
1 large container of ricotta cheese
1 box  SF jello instant cheesecake pudding
dollop or two of sour cream (to taste)
A little bit of milk to lighten it up (about a cup-add last and gradually)

Mix it all up and enjoy however you want it.  I love it with strawberries!  It's a great fruit dip or just eating straight out of the bowl. 

Fabulous Trail Mix
Base mix
1 jar peanuts
1 jar sunflower kernels
1/2 bag raisins or "berries and cherries"
1/2 small bag chocolate chips.
1 small bag macadamia pieces
1 small bag pecan halves

To this, I might add other nuts depending on what's on sale (walnuts, cashews, more pecans).  I've also varied the fruit, too, so play around.  Try to keep the proportions the same.  It's so easy to load up the sweet stuff, but it's the nuts that are so valuable here.  The balance makes the perfect sweet and salty snack and my daily breakfast.  If proportions are kept, it's about 32g of protein for 8 oz.

Fabulous Custard -- full of protein, easy on new post-ops ~delicious!
3 cups milk
3/4 cup splenda
4-5 eggs (depending on size)
2 tsp vanilla
1/2 tsp nutmeg (optional)
handful of coconut (optional)

Preheat oven to 375'.  Beat eggs, nutmeg and vanilla together in baking dish.  On the stove, bring the milk and splenda just to a boil, then stir together to the eggs.  Bake for 25 min
NOTE:  when the milk is coming near to a boil, you'll get a little foam on the top.  Remove this foam before stirring into the eggs, or it will get a weird texture on top.

God Bless Paula Deen for flourless peanut butter cookies!

1 cup peanut butter
1 egg
1 tbsp vanilla
1 cup Splenda

Mix and roll into balls (about walnut sized) and flatten with fork dipped in Splenda.  Bake at 350 for 12 minutes.  

TIPS
-Do NOT overocok -- they will get crumbly since there's no gluten
-Peanut butter is naturally low sugar - the low sugar kind only reduces it by 1g per serving.
-If you're picky about artificial sweeteners, I've done a 3/1 with splenda and sugar to cut the after taste and it's good.  Presently, I do full-splenda in the cookies, and roll in regular sugar and that's good too.  I've also added semi-sweet chocolate chips to shake things up. 

Date Sent:	July 13, 2008 - 10:05am
From:	Frozen_Peach      Click here to add this user to your friends list
Subject:	VitaLady's latest & greatest for DSers
AM: 2 Vitamin C (1000mg ea) 3 Iron LUNCH: 1 Vitamin A (25,000 IU) 1 Vitamin B-12 (5000mcg) 1 B-Complex 1 Vitamin D-3 (50,000 IU) 1 Vitamin E (400 IU) 3 Calcium Citrate 1 Multi 1 Zinc (50mg) DINNER: 1 Vitamin A 1 Vitamin B-12 1 B-Complex 1 Vitamin E 3 Calcium Citrate 1 Multi 1 Zinc BEDTIME: 3 Calcium Citrate 2 Magnesium Citrate The only changes I've made to this are:  I take a higher dosage of zinc (100mg) at lunch and then take a Selenium (200mg) at dinner.  I also currently take the calcium citrate with magnesium so I do not take magnesium seperate.  Otherwise, I am following this schedule.

A short and easy description of the DS procedure

Duodenal Switch

This procedure modestly restricts food intake while radically limiting the absorption of calories, especially the obesity causing calories from fat, complex carbohydrates, and starches. Approximately 3/4 of the stomach is removed, but the natural outlet of the stomach, the pylorus, is left in, allowing the stomach pouch to function more naturally. As the stomach pouch stretches out in the first year after surgery, patients are moderately limited in the amount of food they can eat, reduced to about 2/3 of what they could eat before surgery. However, patients are not limited in the types of food they are able to eat, tolerating meats and whole vegetables without difficulty.

The food is rerouted through a radically altered intestine, limiting the amount of food that is absorbed, which is what results in weight loss, despite the patient eating freely. The intestine is essentially reduced to less than half of its length and the digestive juices (the biliopancreatic secretions) mix with the food at only the last 10% of the intestine. This arrangement means that not only are the total amount of calories eaten not absorbed, but especially fats, complex carbohydrates, and starches - the things that contribute to obesity.

Patients undergoing duodenal switch eat normally and have bowel habit changes characterized by frequent (2-4 per day) soft stools and a propensity for gas. Both of which are generally malodorous unless a stool deodorant (such as Devrom) is taken.

A	The stomach is trimmed to a 4-6 ounce volume, preserving its natural inlet and outlet ( the pylorus). Trimming the stomach results in a temporary restrictive effect on eating for several months, which then reverts to normal, and decreases the incidence of ulcer formation as well.
B	The small intestine that the stomach normally empties into (the duodenum) is "switched" to the downstream portion of the small intestine (the digestive limb-D). The outflow from the duodenum, carrying the digestive juices and enzymes (but no food) becomes the bilio-pancreatic limb (C) utilizing approximately 60% of the small intestines length.
D	The digestive limb takes up approximately 40% of the small bowel length, and most of this length is upstream from where the biliopancreatic limb deposits its juices to allow for the absorption of fats, starches, and complex carbohydrates.
E	The common limb, being the portion of intestine where both food and biliopancreatic outflow meet, is made up of the most downstream 100 cm of small intestine and is the only portion where absorption of dietary starches, fats, and complex carbohydrates occurs. The capacity for absorption reaches a maximum within several months after surgery and cannot be over eaten, resulting in long term sustained weight loss..
F	The gallbladder and appendix are removed.

RNY compared to the DS

RNY – expected weight loss

• 50-65% expected excess weight loss (percentage varies in opinion – this is the most commonly seen estimate)
  • Results may vary
• Regain
  • Possible regain: more prevalent after 5 years
  • 50-100% regain of weight has been recorded
  • Results may vary
  • Must follow “pouch rules” in an attempt to not regain

• 85% expected excess weight loss
  • Results may vary
• Regain
  • Studies show little to no regain (20 pounds recorded)
  • Results may vary
  • Highest success rate over 10 year study (78% avg. Excess Weight Loss – EWL)

• Size: 2 oz
  • Stretch to average size of 6 oz in 2 years  (possible to stretch up to 9-10 oz)
  • You can eat more as time goes by
  • Average after 1 year is 1-1.5 cups of food
• No Endoscopes on blind stomach/remnant stomach that is bypassed
  • Doctor evaluation: cannot use an endoscope (to find ulcers and tumors)
  • RYGBP construction makes the large bypassed distal stomach inaccessible to standard non-invasive diagnostic modalities. Neither x-ray contrast studies nor endoscopy can assess this potentially important but hidden area.
• Stoma: pouch
  • Should not take Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory drugs (NSAID).
• NSAIDs are: Advil, Alka Seltzer, Aleve, Anacin, Ascription, Aspirin, Bufferin, Coricidin, Cortisone, Dolobid, Empirin, Excedrin, Feldene, Fiorinol, Ibuprofen, Meclomen, Motrin, Nalfon, Naprosyn, Norgesic, Tolectin, Vanquish
  • NSAIDs are used for arthritis, bursitis, tendonitis, back pain, headaches, and general aches and pains.
  • Taking NSAIDs could develop into a bleeding ulcer and interfere with kidney function.
• Possible Problems
  • Ulcers (Some doctors recommend taking prilosec for 6 months to 1/2 years in an attempt to prevent the ulcers)
  • Possibility of a staple line failure
  • Noncompliance: simply do not lose enough (even with following the rules)
  • Vitamin Deficiencies
  • Narrowing/blockage of the stoma
  • Vomiting if food is not properly chewed or if food is eaten to quickly
  • Dumping syndrome, NIPHS, Hypoglycemia
    • No Valve (pyloric valve that opens and closes to let food enter intestines is bypassed) which means food empties directly into the small intestines and causes dumping and/or can cause NIPHS or Hypoglycemia
• Dumping: food (most commonly sugar but not necessarily “just” sugar) enters/dumps directly into small intestines and causes physical pain (some people believe this pain enforces good eating habits)
  • Dumping varies in degree of occurrence and discomfort
  • Dumping symptoms:
    • Nausea
    • Vomiting
    • Bloated stomach
    • Diarrhea
    • Excessive sweating
    • Increased bowel sounds
    • Dizziness
    • “Emotional” reactions
• NIPHS (insulin over production): “the body overproduces insulin in response to food entering the intestines at a point where food would normally be more digested already - this part of the intestine is not used to coping with metabolizing glucose in the condition it arrives after RNY, and it is suspected that the intestine signals the pancreas for more insulin to aid digestion, causing a MASSIVE overproduction.  The change occurs on a cellular level, hard to diagnose.  Treatment: Removal of half the pancreas.”
  • RNY stoma that is created allows food to go straight through the stomach into the small intestine unrestricted so it does not control the flow.  Because of that the body reads that it needs more insulin because the food is moving through so quickly and it thinks there's going to be a lot more food.  With the DS, the normal peristalsis works because the pyloric valve is in place and can control the movement of food into the small intestines.  
  • NIPHS, Hypoglycemia is deadly if not corrected

• “Whole working stomach” - meaning the stomach’s outer curvature is removed as opposed to making a pouch/stoma.
  • Part of the stomach removed is where most of the hormone called Grehlin is produced.
  • Grehlin gives the sensation of hunger so by removing most of that section of the stomach a DSer is not as hungry as before.
• Whole working stomach: no blind stomach.  Endoscope can be used.
• Can take NSAIDs
• Do not need to take Prilosec to prevent ulcers.
• Valves are in tack: no Dumping Syndrome or NIPHS

• Eat protein first
  • 60g of protein a day
• Recommended to chew food to liquid consistency (pureed, soft, thoroughly chewed)
  • This is more important for people early out (new pouch stomach will stretch out with time).
  • Food is thoroughly chewed to prevent blockage (the hole/path leaving the stomach and into the intestine is roughly the size of a dime).
  • To get food unstuck, patients drink meat tenderizer mixed with water.
• Low carbohydrates
  • Carbohydrates can slow weight loss and lead to possible regain
  • Avoid sugars in particular (to prevent dumping syndrome)
• Low fat
  • Foods high in fat may cause Dumping Syndrome
  • Fatty foods can lead to slow weight loss or possible regain
• 64 oz of water
  • Stop drinking within 15-30 minutes of a meal
  • Do not begin drinking after a meal for 1-1.5 hours
  • Some doctors do not encourage the use of a straw (pushes food too quickly through the stomach and can cause gas/discomfort)
• Water Loading
  • 15 minutes before the next meal, drink as much as possible as fast as possible. 
  • Water loading will not work if you haven’t been drinking over the last few hours.
  • You can water load at any time 2-3 hours before your next meal if you get hungry, which will cause a strong feeling of fullness.
    • Disclaimer: this is a practice some people use to feel “full” and lose weight. Not a requirement.

DS – Eating

• Eat protein first
  • 80-100g of protein
  • DS patients can on average eat more food than any other type of weight loss surgery.
• Low carbohydrates
  • Carbohydrates can slow the weight loss and lead to possible regain
  • No dumping syndrome from eating sugar (or fat)
• Eat high in fat
  • DS only absorb 20% of fat (do not need to eat low fat)
    • If a taco has 20g of fat, a DSer only absorbs 4g while a person without surgery or RNY absorbs ALL 20g. (this is just an example, measuring absorption is not an exact science)
    • When experiencing a “stall” (slowed weight loss/plateau) a DS patient commonly increases fat consumption to resolve
• 64 oz of water
  • Can drink with meals
  • Can use a straw

RNY – Possible Issues

• Vitamin deficiencies: Must follow a vitamin regime for the rest of your life
  • Common vitamin deficiencies found in vitamins B12, iron, and zinc
  • Calcium must be supplemented for the rest of your life
• Bathroom issues
  • Gas
  • Constipation
  • Dumping in the form of loose stools
• Reversible procedure (Reversals of any surgery is very complicated)
  • Revision often performed instead of reversal
  • Revising to a different type of surgery is possible.

• Vitamin deficiencies: Must follow a vitamin regime for the rest of your life
  • Common vitamin deficiencies found in vitamins A, D, and iron
  • “Water soluble”/ “water miscible” / “dry” vitamins absorb best (in other words get vitamins that are not fat/oil based)
  • Calcium must be supplemented for the rest of your life
• Bathroom issues
  • Gas
  • Loose stool (Most common in the first few weeks of surgery. Generally food related)
• Reversible procedure
  • The intestinal bypass is reversible for those having absorption complications
    • revision: lengthening common channel (to stop losing weight and/or to absorb vitamins)
  • Stomach is obviously not reversible (part of stomach was removed)

RNY - Diabetes

• 85% cure rate
  • RNY can put diabetes in remission.
  • Diabetes may come back in two or three years--even if the
    patient maintains most of their weight loss.
  • Even a small amount of weight gain, long-term, can cause a diabetes
    relapse.

• 98 % cure rate for type II diabetes.

DS – Myth or Fact

• To be eligble for ANY type of weight loss surgery, a person has to be 100 lbs. over weight or have a body mass index (BMI) of 40 or more.
• BMI’s under 40 have also been approved (usually require a comorbidy/health problem - an example is sleep apnea).

• Medicare approves the DS
• Many insurance companies are starting to cover the DS.
• DS has been performed since the 1970s

• We wont need to eat as much when we are older b/c our bodies will adapt
• The little hair-like villa located in the intestines grows longer to adjust to the new digestive system (grows longer to increase absorbtion).

• The gas does smell. (This is true for the DS and RNY)
• There are products called air fresheners that a person can use.
• May take Flagyl or fish zole

• That is silly

• Patients who follow their regular vitamin regime (keep up with blood work) do not turn pallor
• If someone looks pallor, they could have a vitamin deficiency.  This applies to any type of weight loss surgery. For both RNY and the DS.
• Vitamins and blood work must be monitored for life. For both RNY and the DS.

• Cholesterol levels lower after having the DS. 
• 80% of the fatty food is not absorbed – the fatty food is healthier to eat as a DSer than a person without surgery.
• If a taco has 20g of fat, a DSer only absorbs 4g while a person without surgery or a person with the RNY will absorb ALL 20g.  Good meal for the DSer. (this is just an example, measuring absorption is not an exact science)

• DSer’s are aware of the benefits of exercise (body and soul).
• Exercise helps in losing weight and maintaining goal weight 

 *Some practices may not be used by all patients. Some recommendations will differ depending on a person’s surgeon.  Possible issues are just that, “possible,” and may or may not occur.