Confused About Windows

Alright, buddy--let's clear the fog, literally. What you're seeing with the condensation is usually a sign that the seal on your double- or triple-pane window has failed. That means the insulating gas (like argon) has escaped, and now you're getting moisture buildup inside. This kills the energy efficiency. Drafts? Could be old weatherstripping or warped frames--especially if the windows are wood and not vinyl or composite. As for the window types: double-hung means both sashes move up and down, while casement windows crank outward. Casement ones usually seal better, so I'd lean that way for brutal winters. Don't even get me started on single-pane--if you've got those, replace them yesterday. Also, get someone to measure correctly if you're replacing, because one size doesn't fit all. Especially here in Ontario, houses are quirky, and window sizes vary a ton!
You hit on something a lot of people don't realize--installation matters as much (if not more) than the window unit itself. You could buy the best triple-pane in the world, but if it's installed poorly with gaps or without insulation foam around the frame, it'll leak air and noise like a broken screen door. Also, when replacing windows or even doors, knowing standard sizes helps to avoid costly custom orders. Especially in Ontario, sizing isn't always "standardized" like you'd expect. Before committing, check out this guide on Here is the URL--it'll help if you're planning any door upgrades alongside your windows. Don't just shop for glass; shop for good installers too.